The most common methods of manipulation of the masses

Sometimes described as the "father of modern linguistics", Noam Chomsky is also a major figure in analytic philosophy. He has spent most of his career at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), where he is currently Professor Emeritus, and has authored over 100 books. He has been described as a prominent cultural figure and was voted the "world's top public intellectual" in a 2005 poll.

Born to a middle-class Ashkenazi Jewish family in Philadelphia, Chomsky developed an early interest in anarchism from relatives in New York City. He later undertook studies in linguistics at the University of Pennsylvania, where he obtained his BA, MA, and Ph.D., while from 1951 to 1955 he was appointed to Harvard University's Society of Fellows. In 1955 he began work at MIT, soon becoming a significant figure in the field of linguistics for his publications and lectures on the subject. He is credited as the creator or co-creator of the Chomsky hierarchy, the universal grammar theory, and the Chomsky–Schützenberger theorem. Chomsky also played a major role in the decline of behaviorism and was especially critical of the work of B.F. Skinner. In 1967, he gained public attention for his vocal opposition to U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War, in part through his essay The Responsibility of Intellectuals, and came to be associated with the New Left while being arrested on multiple occasions for his anti-war activism. While expanding his work in linguistics over subsequent decades, he also developed the propaganda model of media criticism with Edward S. Herman. Following his retirement from active teaching, he has continued his vocal public activism, for instance supporting the anti-Iraq Warand Occupy movements.

Renowned critic and always MIT linguist Noam Chomsky, one of the classic voices of  intellectual dissent in the last decade, has compiled a list of the ten most common and effective strategies resorted to by the

agendas “hidden” to establish a manipulation of the population through the media. Historically the media have proven highly efficient to mold public opinion. Thanks to the media paraphernalia and propaganda, have been created or destroyed social movements, justified wars, tempered financial crisis, spurred on some other ideological currents, and even given the phenomenon of media as producers of reality within the collective psyche. But how to detect the most common strategies for understanding these psychosocial tools which, surely, we participate? Fortunately, Chomsky has been given the task of synthesizing and expose these practices, some more obvious and more sophisticated, but apparently all equally effective and, from a certain point of view, demeaning. Encourage stupidity, promote a sense of guilt, promote distraction, or construct artificial problems and then magically, solve them, are just some of these tactics.

The strategies are so well-elaborated that even the countries with the best educational systems, succumb to the power and terror of those mafias. Many things are reported in the news but few are explained.

The journalistic tendency to balance stories with two opposing views leads to a tendency to build stories around a confrontation between protagonists and antagonists. Issues such as garbage and sewage sludge only get coverage, despite their importance, when there is a fight over the siting of a landfill or incinerator and the coverage is then on the anger and anguish of affected citizens, or the conflicting claims of corporate spokesmen, government regulators and environmental activists rather than the issues and technical background to them.

The job of media is not to inform, but to misinform: Divert public attention from important issues and changes decided by the political and economic elites, by the technique of flood or a continuous flood of distractions and insignificant information.
Journalists who have access to highly placed government and corporate sources have to keep them on their side by not reporting anything adverse about them or their organizations. Otherwise, they risk losing them as sources of information. In return for this loyalty, their sources occasionally give them good stories, leaks and access to special interviews. Unofficial information, or leaks, give the impression of investigative journalism but are often strategic tactics on the part of those with position or power. ‘It is a bitter irony of source journalism … that the most esteemed journalists are precisely the most servile. For it is by making themselves useful to the powerful that they gain access to the “best” sources’.

CHOMSKY DECALOGUE FOR MASSES MANIPULATION:

1 - A STRATEGY OF DISTRACTION. 

The key element of social control is the strategy of distraction that is to divert public attention from important issues and changes decided by political and economic elites, through the technique of flood or flooding continuous distractions and insignificant information. The strategy of distraction is also essential to keep the public interested in the essential knowledge in science, economics, psychology, neurobiology, and cybernetics. "Keep the public's attention distracted away from the real social problems, captivated by issues of no importance. Keep the public busy, busy, busy, no time to think, back to the farm and other animals (citing text 'silent weapons for quiet wars). " 

2 - CREATE PROBLEMS AFTER OFFERING SOLUTIONS. 

This method is also called "problem-reaction-solution." This creates a problem, a "situation" due to cause some reaction in public so that it is the principal measures that want to accept. For example: let develops or intensifies the urban violence, or arrange for bloody attacks, so that the public is the principal of safety laws and policies to the detriment of freedom. Or also: create an economic crisis to accept as a necessary evil recession of social rights and the dismantling of public services.

3 - STRATEGY GRADATION.

To make it accept an unacceptable extent, simply apply it gradually, a dropper, for consecutive years. This is how radically new socioeconomic conditions (neoliberalism) were imposed during the 1980s and 1990s: the minimal state, privatization, precariousness, flexibility, mass unemployment, which is insufficient to pay decent tickets, so many changes that caused a revolution would be had been implemented at once.

4 - THE STRATEGY OF DEFER.

Another way to make an unpopular decision to accept is to present it as "painful and necessary" in obtaining public acceptance for the moment for a future application. It is easier to accept that a future sacrifice of an immediate sacrifice. First, because the effort is not used immediately. Then, because the public, the mass, always has the tendency to expect naively that "everything will improve tomorrow," and that the sacrifice required may be avoided. This gives the public more time to get used to the idea of change and accept it with resignation when the time comes.

5 - ADDRESSING THE PUBLIC AS YOUNGER CHILDREN.

Most of the advertising directed at the general public uses discourse, arguments, characters, and particularly children's intonation, often close to the weakness as if the viewer were a very young child or a mentally impaired. The more you get bringing mislead the viewer, the more it tends to adopt an infantile tone. Why? "If you address a person as if she had the age of 12 years or less, then, due to suggestibility, it will tend, with some probability, a response or reaction also lacks a critical sense as of a person 12 years or younger (see "Silent Weapons for quiet Wars"). "

6 - USING THE EMOTIONAL ASPECT MUCH MORE THAN A REFLECTION.

Make use of the emotional aspect is a classic technique to cause a short circuit on rational analysis, and finally to the critical sense of individuals. Moreover, the use of emotional register allows you to open the door to the unconscious to deploy graft or ideas, desires, fears and fears, compulsions, or induce behaviors...

7 - KEEP THE PUBLIC IN IGNORANCE AND MEDIOCRITY.

Making the public is incapable of understanding the technologies and methods for their control and their bondage. "The quality of education given the lower social classes should be as poor and mediocre as possible so that the gap of ignorance that lies between the lower classes to upper social classes is and remains impossible to reach the lower classes (see 'Arms silent for quiet wars)."

8 – STIMULATES THE PUBLIC TO BE COMPLACENT MEDIOCRITY. 

Promoting the public to think that fashion is the fact of being stupid, vulgar and uneducated ...

9 - STRENGTHENING THE REVOLT BY SELF-BLAME. 

Make the individual believe that he alone is to blame for their own misfortune, because of the failure of their intelligence, their abilities, or their efforts. Thus, instead of rebelling against the economic system, the individual themselves helpless and blame themselves, which leads to a depressive state which one of its effects is to inhibit its action. And without action, there's revolution!

10 - THE BEST GUYS KNOW WHAT THEY KNOW IF SAME. 

Over the past 50 years, the advance of accelerated science has generated a growing gap between public knowledge and those owned and operated by dominant elites. Thanks to biology, neurobiology, and applied psychology, the “system” has enjoyed a sophisticated understanding of human beings, both physically and psychologically. The system has gotten better acquainted with the common man more than he knows himself. This means that, in most cases, the system exerts greater control and great power over individuals, greater than that of individuals about themselves.

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There are no coincidences!

1. On 4 November 2008, Barack Obama wins the presidential election. The combination of the lucky lottery in Illinois was 666.

2. South African astronomer Daniel du Toit had held a conference about the death that can come instantly. After the conference, he ate a donut and died.

3. Deus Ex game, released in 1999, the twin towers are demolished because of a terrorist attack.

4. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand triggered World War. The car in which he was during the attack has slate plate with documents III 118. The war ended with the signing of an armistice on 11/11/18 at 11am.

5. In 2002 a Finnish 70 years, who was on a bicycle, is injured by a car and dies. Half an hour later, the same street and the same circumstances, his twin brother dies.

6. In 1883, Henry Ziegland splits his girlfriend. His girlfriend does not support this separation and hung herself. The girl's brother swears he will take revenge and soon, pulls a gun on Ziegland. Ziegland collapses and brother girl commits suicide with the same gun. Ziegland survived, he was slightly wounded in the cheek. The bullet had hit a nearby tree. After a few years, Ziegland wanted to destroy that tree and uses dynamite. At the time of the explosion, the stray bullet ricocheted off his head Ziegland, but refused this time to pierce his skull.

7. In 1838, Edgar Allan Poe published his book The Adventures of Gordon Pym. The book is about four men stranded in the ocean after their boat sank. To survive, they had killed and eaten the youngest named Richard Parker. Forty-six years later, a boat called the Mignonette fails to sea. The four sailors to survive, they killed and ate the young man named Richard Parker.

8. Samuel Clemens, known publicly as Mark Twain, was born in 1835, shortly after the appearance of Halley's Comet. All his life, he claimed that he would die when the comet returns. He died in 1910 of a heart attack, a day after Halley's comet reappeared.

9. On September 20, 1911, a liner RMS Olympic named the White Star Line collides with a ship named HMS Hawke war. The damages were high, but no casualties. Seven months later, the Titanic tragedy occurs, crash that killed 1,500 people. White Star Line Titanic belongs. November 21, 1916, the largest ocean liner named Britannic, the White Star Line, sank in the Mediterranean Sea after an explosion. Thirty people died. How are the three crashes? The same person, a nurse by profession, was on board the three vessels and survived three accidents.

10. A Frenchman named Jean-Marie Dubbary was executed because he killed his father in February 1764. One hundred years later, another person was executed for the same crime. Name was Jean Marie Dubbary.

11. A French baron named Rodemire of Tarazona was killed by a man named Claude Volbonne. Twenty years later, the baron's father is killed by a person whose name was Claude Volbonne all.

12. King Umberto I of Italy eat in a restaurant in Monza, on July 28, 1920. notes with surprise that the restaurant owner Umberto and his name that looked exactly like him. The wives of two same names. The restaurant had been open the day was crowned king. The next day, both died under different conditions.

13. November 26, 1911, three men were accused of the death of Sir Edmund Berry. The three die by hanging on Greenberry Hill, London. The names of the three were Green, Berry, and Hill.

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Plague of dancing

Known as choreomania (from Greek "choros" which means dance, and "mania" - madness), Dancing St. John or Dance of St. Vitus, this strange epidemic has been recorded numerous times during the Middle Ages in Europe (especially in period XIV – XVII century). Symptoms of this disease presented in these written sources were unable to provide a clear, contemporary researchers, from poverty to detail, but also because the authors inability to understand disease from the perspective of modern medicine. Most accepted doubts about this dance craze were assigned amid mass hysteria or nerve diseases, such as epilepsy. Unfortunately, this argument can not be considered because epilepsy is not a contagious disease. As such, we can not accept reasonable motivation that those who joined the craze were only comprised of the people already affected by epilepsy.

After studying various medieval sources about this disease, it has seen a pattern which met at all. Thus, most

"dance epidemics" were characterized by collective manifestations in groups that varied in number from a few to several hundred people. During dances, participants sang, screamed and laughed frantically. Hours dance
continue to induce a trance participants and ecstasy, followed by a faint, or even their death. It managed to identify specific medical conditions such as seizures, chest pain, hyperventilation, hallucinations and attacks with symptoms similar to epilepsy.

It was also observed that most of those who participated in these dances were foreigners zones, often erupted during a pilgrimage and attracting even some of the locals. These events collectively could break out and gather participants during their deployment or from one sufferer may collect dozens if not hundreds of other dancers around him.

According to sources, those affected by these epidemics dance would have reacted violently to any observer refusal to join them, which explains why healthy people participating in these epidemics purely recreational reasons. Dances were condemned by religious authorities of that time because participants often eliminate the clothing accessory, made obscene gestures and carried out acts of a sexual nature. Clerics describes how chaotic and savage behaves, like that of animals, attributing blame Satan's evil actions.

Other features typical of those participants were intolerance for red and pointy shoes with a masochistic pleasure to hit the legs. The descriptions displayed on this medieval dancers wearing colorful clothing and having strange wooden sticks.

The most important dance epidemics

The first record of such an epidemic was in century X. A report from 1021 tells how Kolbig 12 peasants in Germany today would have danced around a church for months, after being cursed by a priest to lament for a whole year for Christmas service interruption. During the dance, 4 of the 12 peasants died, being stopped only with the help of two local bishops and prayers. The fact that these people needed time to feed and satisfy their, at least, physiological needs, there is no information. Because regardless of their physical and mental capabilities of these men could not last more than 2 days without food and water. But it was a huge effort to dance for hours and all energy resources are quickly exhausted.

In 1278, in Utrecht, a group of 200 people danced across the river Meuse bridge, causing its collapse and death of many of those dancers. A century later, in 1374, it held the largest outbreak of this kind, the disease called St. John, because it was held the feast of this saint. Thus, Aix-la-Chapelles (Aachen) gathered the crowd of people outside the city, led by a certain visual illusion (according to sources). This heretical dance, some being under the influence of hallucinations, so faint, finally, because of exhaustion. In the coming years, epidemics have spread outside the German area, it is set in France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Belgium. Priests and clerics appeal to service of exorcism to treat patients who thought they were possessed. Ordinary people attempt to appease patients that turned violent applying them hard blows to the abdomen, but often, the dancers like to be hit. Tried and bringing musicians to accompany the sick, but this method attracts, even more, participants to dance, worsening the situation.

Later, it began in a seemingly ordinary summer day in mid-July, the year 1518. Then more than astonished eyes of its neighbors, Mrs. Troffea, a middle-aged woman, started dancing convulsively and without controlling the narrow streets of the city Strasbourg, France (then the settlement was part of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation). It could hear no music, and grimaces, his gaze fixed and facial expression, shows no sign of joy or happiness. Thoughts that flared in the heads of the crowd that gathered more frightened and suspicious revolves around suspicions of insanity or demonic possession, the only explanation of the time for such a bizarre how she Mrs. Troffea output. The woman did not seem able to stop dancing, or what seemed to dance and began to frighten more and more viewers.

The first week it came with 34 people, and three weeks after 400 people gathered the crowd. Most dancers fainted after a few days due to exhaustion. Things went from bad to worse, for a period of one month, the number who had started from nowhere to dance, hop and jump instantly to falling killed by exhaustion,

exceeded 400 people. Doctors in those days were all declared powerless, for unfortunates were dancing as if in another world, no longer able to communicate with others. A priest came shortly turn to state inefficiency after jobs and exorcism sessions proved equally ineffective. And some, and others, like the nobles and the

common people, they soon realized that unwittingly dancers do not dance on their own initiative, which has fueled aimed opinion namely that Satan is involved in everything that happens. Were recorded deaths caused dance without stopping, heart attacks and fatigue are the main culprits. Concerned by this event, local nobles, clerics, and scholars were polled to find out the cause of these strange events. Upon learning that the disease had been caused by "hot blood", the authorities decided to let people dance day and night, hoping they would eventually get tired and stop. The central city has been released and a wooden stage was built in the middle of them to facilitate the dances. The authorities have decided to employ to musicians, dancers hope that helps.

Sufferers of this disease in the city of Strasbourg went on the pilgrimage to the relics of St. Vitus, the rumors saying that they had the miraculous power to treat this disease. Thus, St. Vitus became attached to John the Baptist, patron sufferers dancers. In the seventeenth century, Professor of Medicine Gregor Horst observe an event held each year at the chapel of St. Vitus in Drefelhausen: "Every year, the day of St. Vitus, women who come on pilgrimage dancing day and night until captured by ecstasy and faints. They then return to their normal lives to resume next year habit. "

Dance Mania seems to have disappeared somewhere in the middle of the seventeenth century. A specific phenomenon called tarantism and Italian space strikingly resembles the disease described above. Tarantism habit would be started in the thirteenth century, the Italian space when it was thought that the antidote to scorpion bites and tarantulas was tarantella dance. One of these dances is found today in Italian folklore. The dance is called "pizzicarella" and the video Alla Bua is an edificatory band.

With time, Tarantism has become a local tradition, accompanied by dances being sprayed with red wine parties. The phenomenon stopped abruptly in 1959, no longer practiced since.

Possible explanations

The explanations of this phenomenon have been hard to find, the answers to which data from multiple perspectives, especially in the medico-psychological and sociological. The most plausible explanation may be the boundary between these areas. Analyzing the periods in which these outbreaks occurred, the researchers found that they were held in intense periods of famine and poverty in the peasantry. Hunger, poor health and psychological stress affecting ordinary people would be produced mental instability, causing them to burst into fits of dancing, often violent.

The famine that bears peasants would be forced to consume and broken grains, which sometimes were infected mushroom hallucinogen effect. They were infecting them, in turn, consumers, and those under the symptom of mania dance.

Other explanations that do not belong to the scientific, presents these epidemics as some secret religious cults ceremony. Although in those days to be a heretic was a crime that was punishable by death, it is believed that these ceremonies pagan Greco-Roman inspiration and would have kept the guise of "plague of dance" to avoid repressive actions of the Catholic Church.

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The same husband in a past life

In the last decade of the last century where husbands Johnson sparked a sensation in the former Soviet republic of Belarus, taking days at central headlines. The story began with Gerard Johnson, a common inhabitant of the city Philadelphia, United States. Since childhood Gerard felt a special attraction to everything that relate to "life after death". As a teenager, he has a firm belief that there is an "unexplained mechanism" by which experiences people can have effects beyond their physical disappearance. So when it came time to choose the path that will study chose without hesitation psychotherapy. The mysteries of brain function fascinated him. The day he learned that science today does not know even three percent of what it is capable human brain knew that this is the area that need to dedicate.

He loves everything paranormal means, after graduating psychotherapy hypnosis, he tried to prove that the human soul can incarnate several times and that certain memories of previous lives never erase from memory. The study results were beyond all expectations!

The first therapy session regression hypnosis performed them using as the subject of his wife, Lidya. At the

third meeting after managing to bring in a trance, she began to speak in an unknown language, recounting

what looked like a tragic event. Lydia's voice was astounding that turned into a serious, male. The woman was clearly pained but quiet. Suddenly, however, she started with the hands, head and screamed heartbreaking. Johnson was forced to pull away from trance prosper hard to comfort. Fearing that therapy does not have a negative impact on her mental state, the researcher decided to subject himself to the next experiment. So he turned to one of his professors in college who agreed to help to get hypnotic, Gerard Johnson began also to speak in an unknown tongue, but unlike Lydia, his voice was a typical female.

Both hypnosis audio were recorded on tape and subsequently submitted to several experts. Researchers have analyzed remained stunned: the couple had spoken the same language, Belarusian. Lydia gave his name as "Viktor" and told that he was "married" to a certain "Wanda" and Professor Johnson say "Wanda" woman who had a husband to "Viktor". Both were told that died the same day, March 22, 1943, burned alive.

Gerard could not understand how it was possible that the state of regression hypnosis to bring them both to him and his wife in the same place and especially on the same date. His first suspicion was that since he coordinated the meeting that his wife was exposed state of regression hypnosis, and that have all information about what his wife had relative was simply "charged" with this information which the influenced later in the meeting that he himself was subject.

He felt a terrible desire to try a new session, but the teacher assisting said that it is very dangerous for the brain to do two meetings at very short time intervals. As such it has to wait at least three months.

To find the answer to all its turmoil, Gerard Johnson has done as soon luggage, has drawn all the necessary formalities and to get on the plane and landed in the capital of Belarus, Minsk. He started to rummage through the papers and documents of the time, and not in vain. Very quickly, the American discovered that this time remained in the national history of Belarus as one terrible etched in the collective memory as the " Hatîn massacre '.

Hatîn from Belarus was a settlement with a population of 149 people. On 22 March 1943, the site was destroyed by German SS troops and collaborators from Battalion 118 Schutzmannschaft in retaliation for the help they had given to the partisans who fought against the Nazis villagers.

After the troops entered the village Hatîn, they blocked all roads. Battalion has formed in Kiev collaborationists Red Army deserters and former Soviet prisoners of war. The battalion leadership is former Soviet general staff Lieutenant Grigory Vasiura.

That morning, 6 km from the village, the partisans attacked a German military convoy and one of the officers had been killed. In retaliation for the death of Hans Woellke, former Olympic champion in Berlin (1936), it was decided Hatin killing villagers.

The entire population of the village - without exception: young and old, men, women, and children - were gathered in a barn of kolkhoz. Some children who tried to escape were shot. Some villagers were quite a few members of large families: Joseph and Anna Baranovsky with 9 children and Alexandr and Alexandra Novitki 7 children. Along with residents of Hatin have learned a villager from Iurkovici and a woman Kamenoi that were happening there.

Once the villagers gathered in the barn doors were shut. All around the building were piled straw and wood, they were sprayed with gasoline and set fire to them. The Wooden building was blazing fast. Under the pressure of those who are inside the barn doors were destroyed. Those with their clothes on fire tried to save themselves from the fire, were shot. In the building in flames destroyed the vast majority of villagers, including 75 children under 16 years. The whole place was also burned and destroyed.

Two girls, Maria Fedorovich, and Yulia Klimov managed to get out of the barn on fire and crawl to the forest, where they found the villagers in Hvorosteni Kamenskogo. Later, the village was burned by the Germans and lost track of the two girls.

Of the children who failed to get out of the barn, only two survived: Victor Jelobkovici (7 years) and Anton Baranovsky (12). Victor escaped under her dead mother's body. Anton, burned and wounded in the leg by a bullet explosive was found dead by the Germans. The two children were recovered by villagers from neighboring villages. After the war, they were brought up in an orphanage.

Among adult residents of the village, survived only blacksmith Joseph Kaminski, aged 56 years. Full of burns and wounds, he recovered from fainting late at night, after leaving the military police. The survivor was

shocked to find it right next to his son's body. They were used as a reason for the memorial monument.

In archives, blacklisting those killed, Gerard Johnson found the names of two people: Wanda and Viktor Iaskevici, 20 years young, apparently, newlyweds. They were the names that Gerard Johnson and his wife Lydia they uttered during hypnosis! American Psychiatric no longer any doubt: in the 40s of last century, he and Wanda were still husband and wife!

Gerard Johnson published his study in specialized journals both Russian and in the US, and the love story that crossed age impressed hundreds of readers. Later, American researcher revealed another thing, really amazing: his wife, Lydia, was still suffering from infancy to pyrophobia an overwhelming fear and inexplicable flames. Things become now clear, fear of fire Lydia had no reason other than that they are etched deeply in the memory of the tragic events that had occurred in a

previous life!

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India - treasury temple - $ 14 billion

A treasure of huge value was found in a temple in India in 2011. The treasure consists of sacks of diamonds, statues of solid gold and even gold nuggets of unprocessed, jewelry, gold coins, vases and other objects of worship all gold. Following the estimates of specialists in the period since then, it seems that the value of the hoard is over 14 billion dollars. Indian believers treasure is priceless value because it assumes that the objects were gathered in secret rooms of the temple in a period of several hundred years if not more.

The discovery was based on the request of an Indian lawyer, who asked of Supreme Court of India as a Hindu temple government to provide security and protect wealth housed.

Underground chambers of the temple, housing the incredible treasure, carved deep in stone and difficult to access. You can only get them down the narrow stairs under total darkness.

The discovery was made in Padmanabhaswamy temple which is located in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. The Padmanabhaswamy temple was built in the sixteenth-century kings who ruled the kingdom of Travancore. Local legends say the Travancore kings sealed immense wealth hid between stone walls and vaults of the temple.

After gaining independence by India, the temple has been controlled by descendants of the Travancore royal family. After 1947, the kingdom of Travancore merged with the princely state of Cochin, and later became

the province of Kerala.

The temple is built in an intricate fusion of the indigenous Kerala style and the Dravidian style of architecture associated with the temples located in the neighboring state of Tamil Nadu, featuring high walls, and a 16th-century Gopuram.

In June 2011, the Supreme Court directed the authorities from the archeology department and the fire services, to open the secret chambers of the temple for inspection of the items kept inside. 

Utharad Thirunal Marthanda Varma Maharaja, who was actually the manager Padmanabhaswamy temple official did not agree with the decision of the supreme court, according to BBC News. Varma maintains that it has every right to further control the temple, citing a special law adopted after the independence of India, the law that grants authority over the temple rulers of Travancore and their descendants.

The Supreme Court rejected the appeal filed by Marthanda Varma Thirunal Utharad, showing that in India today, the maharajahs do not have a special status, with the same rights and obligations as any ordinary citizen.

The temple has six hitherto known vaults (Kallaras), labeled as A to F, for book keeping purpose by the Court (Since, however, an Amicus Curie Report by Justice Gopal Subramaniam, in April 2014, has reportedly found two further subterranean vaults that have been named G and H). While vaults A and B have been unopened over the past many years the vaults C to F have been opened from time to time. The two priests of the temple, the 'Periya Nambi' and the 'Thekkedathu Nambi', are the custodians of the four vaults, C to F, which are opened periodically. The Supreme Court had directed that "the existing practices, procedures, and rituals" of the temple be followed while opening vaults C to F and using the articles inside while Vaults A and B would be opened only for the purpose of making an inventory of the articles and then closed. The review of the temple's underground vaults was undertaken by a seven-member panel appointed by the Supreme Court of India to generate an inventory, leading to the enumeration of a vast collection of articles that are traditionally kept under lock and key.

Among the reported findings, are a three-and-a-half feet tall solid pure golden idol of Mahavishnu, studded with hundreds of diamonds and rubies and other precious stones. Also found were an 18-foot-long pure gold chain, a gold sheaf weighing 500 kilos, a 36-kilo golden veil, 1200 'Sarappalli' gold coin-chains that are encrusted with precious stones, and several sacks filled with golden artifacts, necklaces, diadems, diamonds, rubies, sapphires, emeralds, gemstones, and objects made of other precious metals.

Ceremonial attire for adorning the deity in the form of 16-part gold anki weighing almost 30 kilograms (66 lb), gold coconut shells studded with rubies and emeralds, and several 18th-century Napoleonic era coins were found many other objects. In early-2012, an expert committee had been appointed to investigate these objects, which include lakhs of golden coins of the Roman Empire, that were found in Kottayam, in Kannur District. According to Vinod Rai, the former Comptroller-and-Auditor-General(CAG) of India, who had audited some of the Temple records from 1990, in August 2014, in the already opened vault A, there is an 800-kilo hoard of gold coins dating to around 200 B.C, each coin priced at over 2.70 crores (US$ 0.5 million). Also found was a pure Golden Throne, studded with hundreds of diamonds and fully precious stones, meant for the 18-foot-long Deity. According to varying reports, at least, three, if not many more, solid gold crowns have been found, all studded with diamonds and other precious stones. Some other media reports also mention hundreds of pure gold chairs, thousands of gold pots and jars, among the articles recovered from Vault A and its antechambers.

Considering the huge amount of treasure, it's no surprise that controversy quickly arose. Treasure claimed both Buddhist believers and by the Hindus. Authorities say all the pieces to be exhibited in a museum

because they reflect an important part of India's history. The descendants of the Maharaja in the area where the temple is located, and they will treasure the royal meeting citing its contribution over time.

Many intellectuals, including former Supreme Court judge, VR Krishna, expressed the opinion that the temple wealth for the public good should be used. Currently, the Supreme Court ruled that the treasure remains the property of the temple, which is controlled by the royal family of Travancore-by.

 The penetration in the sixth underground room, it is a difficult mission for experts. They managed to open the outer door but gave in over an iron wall that protects wealth. When and how will enter the last room, the Supreme Court will decide. "Are further examinations before he opens the last room. We will analyze all aspects after the Court's decision, "said NM Krishnan, chairman of the Committee of Experts. Until then, local police installed video cameras, alarm systems and surrounded the house with troops standing guard.

Being so well defended, researchers assume that the treasure room will be the last and most precious. According to the ancient temple records, this room was opened last 136 years ago.

There are several temples in India harboring such treasures worth millions of euros, the majority of assets being raised from donations of gold jewelry and the expense of institutions that would require funds - hospitals, schools and universities.

Researchers say that the wealth amassed by maharajah of Travancore is largely due to trade routes that crossed the territory of the former feudal kingdom. "Merchants who came from all parts of India and abroad, bringing spices and other goods on these roads. They used to make large donations to temples to get the blessings of the gods and the land through which leaders goodwill," says PJ Cherian, director of Kerala Council for Historical Research, said.

There also exists the common Indian habit of making donations to the temple. When the donation was made by a person with a social status or wealth often important in offering consisted of gold. Over hundreds of years, this habit has become an important source of wealth hoard food. It is a separate question whether those offerings made to the gods of ordinary Indians belong by royalty in the area, especially since it gained independence with the status Maharaja Indian society has changed fundamentally.

A witness to India's transformation from imperial rule to a democratic polity, 90- year-old 'Maharaja of Travancore' Uthradom Tirunal Marthanda Varma has both pleasant and unpleasant memories but his two meetings with British Queen Elizabeth II are something he still cherishes.
The ex-head of the erstwhile royal house of Travancore, which ruled south Kerala before India became independent in 1947 and the princely states integrated into the Indian Union, he was struck by the sharp memory and knowledge of the Queen.
Elizabeth II was just seven years old when Uthradom Tirunal first met her in England in 1933. To his surprise, 21 years later, she recognized him and recalled their first acquaintance when they met again in Bangalore.
"She is a person of sharp memory and has great knowledge about India. I met her first in 1933 during my maiden visit to England. It was long before her coronation. She was then Princess Elizabeth. Her father, then Duke of York, was also there when I saw her," he told PTI in Thiruvananthapuram.
She had become the Queen of England when he met her during her Indian tour after the country's independence.
Going down the memory lane, he said, "In 1954, I was invited to a tea party hosted in honor of the Queen in Bangalore. She came with her husband to the party held at the Vidhan Soudha. I was keen to meet the Queen personally."
Uthradom Tirunal became head of the Travancore royal family in 1991 succeeding his elder brother Chithira Tirunal Balarama Varma, the last princely ruler of Travancore.He was all praise for the British administration in India except on a few counts. "I have never felt animosity towards the British. It is just because they had always shown respect and consideration towards Travancore rulers. They wanted some kind of treaty of friendship between us," he said.
"It is a state which contributed kings who had fasted with their people when they suffered in lean times. It is the land which taught rules the lessons of humbleness, compassion, and simplicity. No other place could be like my motherland."
On the recent discovery of priceless treasures in the vaults of Sree Padmanabha Swamy Temple in Thiruvananthapuram, the family shrine of Travancore royals, he said, "It has been in the temple vaults for centuries and the royal family has been well aware of that...It is the wealth of Lord Padmanabha and we have never ever felt any interest in it. It should be preserved as God's wealth in future also." 

Indian Maharaja was accused of stealing gold from the temple treasure, reports The Telegraph. Travancore Royal Family Leader Maharaja Uthradam Varma stole jewelry and coins from the treasure found in the

temple, according to some former employees of the temple. He is accused extracted valuables during morning prayers, the prime suspect after employees reported the thefts were fired from it.

Uthradom Tirunal died in 2013. His place was taken by his daughter Moolam Thirunal Rama Varma.

We will follow closely what will happen next with this treasure but the best thing would be for the entire Indian nation that treasures from temples to be made in favor of poverty eradication and educating young generations of Indians. Increased health of the population, solving huge problems with drinking water, ensuring a special status for children and young people so that they no longer have to work hard from a very young age, all these and many other problems that It could be solved only some of these treasures. It is sad that a people with such material wealth alone is not capable of solving development problems. We appreciate that spiritual wealth of India will be no change destination impaired by the objects of these treasures. But this is only the decision of the Indians, we can not be other than mere commentators.

foto credit: google.com

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